We have a sentinel drone with the EM9291 Sierra Wireless modem and are attempting to connect to a private 5G network. The modem seems to recognize the SIM, but has failed to reach out and attempt connecting to the network.

voxl-modem.conf:

voxl2:/$ cat /etc/modalai/voxl-modem.conf 
{
	"modem_type":	"em9291",
	"apn":	"internet",
	"world":	"false",
	"microhard_ip": "192.168.168.100",
	"dtc_ip": "192.168.0.100",
	"doodle_ip": "10.223.0.100",
	"modallink":	"false",
	"placeholder": "hello world"
}

This is the output to voxl-modem-start:

voxl2:/$ voxl-modem-start 

qrb5165 based hardware detected...
wwan0 is up!
Sierra detected!

Starting qmi network...
error: couldn't start network: QMI protocol error (14): 'CallFailed'
call end reason (3): generic-no-service
verbose call end reason (3,2001): [cm] no-service
[/dev/cdc-wdm0] Client ID not released:
	Service: 'wds'
	    CID: '44'
Error detected! Retrying...
error: couldn't start network: QMI protocol error (14): 'CallFailed'
call end reason (3): generic-no-service
verbose call end reason (3,2001): [cm] no-service
[/dev/cdc-wdm0] Client ID not released:
	Service: 'wds'
	    CID: '45'

I've noticed the SIM is listed as 'illegal' from the output of qmicli -d /dev/cdc-wdm0 --uim-get-card-status:

voxl2:/$ qmicli -d /dev/cdc-wdm0 --uim-get-card-status
[/dev/cdc-wdm0] Successfully got card status
Provisioning applications:
	Primary GW:   slot '1', application '1'
	Primary 1X:   session doesn't exist
	Secondary GW: session doesn't exist
	Secondary 1X: session doesn't exist
Slot [1]:
	Card state: 'present'
	UPIN state: 'not-initialized'
		UPIN retries: '0'
		UPUK retries: '0'
	Application [1]:
		Application type:  'usim (2)'
		Application state: 'illegal'
		Application ID:
			A0:00:00:00:87:10:02:FF:FF:FF:FF:89:07:09:00:00
		Personalization state: 'ready'
		UPIN replaces PIN1: 'no'
		PIN1 state: 'disabled'
			PIN1 retries: '3'
			PUK1 retries: '10'
		PIN2 state: 'enabled-not-verified'
			PIN2 retries: '3'
			PUK2 retries: '10'
	Application [2]:
		Application type:  'isim (5)'
		Application state: 'detected'
		Application ID:
			A0:00:00:00:87:10:04:FF:FF:FF:FF:89:07:09:00:00
		Personalization state: 'unknown'
		UPIN replaces PIN1: 'no'
		PIN1 state: 'disabled'
			PIN1 retries: '3'
			PUK1 retries: '10'
		PIN2 state: 'not-initialized'
			PIN2 retries: '0'
			PUK2 retries: '0'
Slot [2]:
	Card state: 'absent'
	UPIN state: 'not-initialized'
		UPIN retries: '0'
		UPUK retries: '0'

The system mode seems to be rotating through WCDMA, LTE, and NR5G based on the output from AT commands and qmicli -d /dev/cdc-wdm0 --nas-get-system-selection-preference:

voxl2:/$ qmicli -d /dev/cdc-wdm0 --nas-get-system-selection-preference
[/dev/cdc-wdm0] Successfully got system selection preference
	Emergency mode: 'no'
	Mode preference: 'cdma-1x, cdma-1xevdo, gsm, umts, lte, td-scdma'
	Band preference: 'wcdma-2100, wcdma-pcs-1900, wcdma-1700-us, wcdma-850-us, wcdma-800, wcdma-900, wcdma-850-japan'
	LTE band preference: '1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 12, 13, 14, 17, 18, 19, 20, 25, 26, 28, 29, 30, 34, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43'
	LTE band preference (extended): '1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 12, 13, 14, 17, 18, 19, 20, 25, 26, 28, 29, 30, 32, 34, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 46, 48, 66, 71'
	TD-SCDMA band preference: 'a, b, c, d, e, f'
	Roaming preference: 'any'
	Network selection preference: 'manual'
	Service domain preference: 'cs-ps'
	GSM/WCDMA acquisition order preference: 'automatic'
	Acquisition order preference: (null), lte, umts

voxl2:/$ busybox microcom /dev/ttyUSB0
AT!ENTERCND="A710"
OK
AT!GSTATUS?
!GSTATUS: 
Current Time:  412688		Temperature: 40
Thermal Mitigation Level: 0

Reset Counter: 1		Mode:        ONLINE         
System mode:   LTE        	PS state:    Not attached 
LTE band:      No band		LTE bw:      1.4 MHz 
LTE Rx chan:   ---		LTE Tx chan: ---
EMM state:     ---            	---            
RRC state:     DISCONNECTED    
IMS reg state: NOT REGISTERED  	IMS mode:    Normal       
IMS Srv State: UNKNOWN SMS,UNKNOWN VoIP

PCC Rx0 RSSI:  --- 		PCC Rx0 RSRP:  --- 
PCC Rx1 RSSI:  --- 		PCC Rx1 RSRP:  --- 
PCC Rx2 RSSI:  --- 		PCC Rx2 RSRP:  --- 
PCC Rx3 RSSI:  --- 		PCC Rx3 RSRP:  --- 
PCC Tx Power:  ---		TAC:         ---
RSRQ (dB):     ---		Cell ID:     ---
SINR (dB):     0

NR5G band:       ---		NR5G bw:         ---		
NR5G Tx Power:   ---		NR5G Tx chan:    ---		
NR5G Rx chan:    ---		NR5G RSRP (dBm): ---		
NR5G RSRQ (dB):  ---		NR5G SINR (dB):  ---		


OK
AT!GSTATUS?
!GSTATUS: 
Current Time:  412694		Temperature: 40
Thermal Mitigation Level: 0

Reset Counter: 1		Mode:        ONLINE         
System mode:   NR5G       	PS state:    Not attached 
MM5G state:    Deregistered     Limited Service
RRC state:     RRC Idle        
IMS reg state: NOT REGISTERED  	IMS mode:    Normal       
IMS Srv State: UNKNOWN SMS,UNKNOWN VoIP

NR5G TAC:        000001        		NR5G Cell ID:    D15 (3349)
NR5G band:       n78       		NR5G Carrier ID: 0
NR5G dl bw:      100 MHz   		NR5G ul bw:      100 MHz   
NR5G Tx Power:   ---        		NR5G Tx chan:    0
NR5G Rx chan:    622260
NR5G dl MIMO:    4         		NR5G ul MIMO:    1
NR5G(sub6) Rx0 RSSI (dBm):   -51.8	NR5G(sub6) Rx1 RSSI (dBm):   -51.3
NR5G(sub6) Rx2 RSSI (dBm):   ---  	NR5G(sub6) Rx3 RSSI (dBm):   ---	

NR5G RSRP (dBm): -79			NR5G RSRQ (dB):  -11
NR5G SINR (dB):  22.0


OK
AT+C5GREG?
+C5GREG: 0,0

OK
AT!NRINFO?
!NRINFO: 
Connectivity Mode: SA

NR5G Cell ID:    D15 (3349)
NR5G band:       n78       		NR5G Carrier ID: 0
NR5G dl bw:      100 MHz   		NR5G ul bw:      100 MHz   
NR5G Tx Power:   ---        		NR5G Tx chan:    0
NR5G Rx chan:    622260
NR5G dl MIMO:    4         		NR5G ul MIMO:    1
NR5G(sub6) Rx0 RSSI (dBm):   -51.8	NR5G(sub6) Rx1 RSSI (dBm):   -51.3
NR5G(sub6) Rx2 RSSI (dBm):   ---  	NR5G(sub6) Rx3 RSSI (dBm):   ---	

NR5G RSRP (dBm): -114			NR5G RSRQ (dB):  -25
NR5G SINR (dB):  23.0


OK

at!selrat?
!SELRAT: 00, Automatic


OK
at!band?
Index, Name
00, All bands,
0 - GW:    100200000EC00000
1 - LTE:   0000A7E2BB0F38DF 0000000000000042
3 - NRNSA: 000081A03B0A38D7 0000000000007C62
4 - NRSA:  000081A03B0A38D7 0000000000007C62

OK
at!sdpref?
RATs : WCDMA,LTE,NR5G
GWC  : B1,B2,B4,B5,B6,B8,B19
LTE  : B1,B2,B3,B4,B5,B7,B8,B12,B13,B14,B17,B18,B19,B20,B25,B26,B28,B29,B30,B32,B34,B38,B39,B40,B41,B42,B43,B46,B48,B66,B71
TDS  : 
NRSA : n1,n2,n3,n5,n7,n8,n12,n13,n14,n18,n20,n25,n26,n28,n29,n30,n38,n40,n41,n48,n66,n70,n71,n75,n76,n77,n78,n79
NRNSA: n1,n2,n3,n5,n7,n8,n12,n13,n14,n18,n20,n25,n26,n28,n29,n30,n38,n40,n41,n48,n66,n70,n71,n75,n76,n77,n78,n79

OK